Archaeologists discover massive underground city under Grand Canyon [Mystery]

Mr. Kinkaid, a Smithsonian Institute archaeologist in the early 1900s, went on to discover the Western States. His journey took him to several locations, but one of them may have changed how we think about the Grand Canyon and government organizations studying history. They discovered a mysterious Egyptian city underneath the Grand Canyon!

The discovery consists of a mysterious network of vast caverns; surprisingly, they were brimming with weapons, statues, seeds, and other treasures. Also, there are rumors of Egyptian pyramids and relics in the forbidden area of the Grand Canyon!

Within the depth of the Grand Canyon, lives a huge mystery. According to recent reports, rocks dating back to one billion years' have suddenly vanished. Sounds unbelievable, right? But it has happened. The Great Unconformity was first described many years ago, and the news was so big that it completely shook the scientific community. None of them had ever seen anything like it before.

The natural question here arises: Where did the rocks go if they disappeared? Scientists and archaeologists kept thinking about the answer, but no one found any. However, a recent discovery has unveiled a giant city located underground right beneath the Grand Canyon. So, is it related to the mystery, and if yes, then how?

Secret Tomb Of Cleopatra Finally Found!

Experts have been searching for Cleopatra's tomb for decades. Archaeologists continue searching for the mausoleum of the last Queen of Egypt, and there are several theories about where she was buried. Egyptologists and archaeologists have scoured the land of Egypt but have yet to find the tomb of Queen Cleopatra.

In this video, we will explain where Cleopatra, the last Pharaoh of the Egyptian dynasty, is said to have been buried. So if you have ever wondered Who is Cleopatra? Why is Cleopatra's tomb so elusive, and why are archaeologists so desperate to find it? Sit back and enjoy.

The valley of Kings

For thousands of years, many features of ancient Egypt remained a mystery. One of them is a secret tomb that a later dynasty Pharaoh commissioned and built in the Valley of the Kings to preserve the bones of his ancestors. Let's quickly learn about these tombs.

The Valley of the Kings, home to the royal tombs of several kings and queens, was not as heavily guarded during Egypt's decline in power; therefore, the thieves made several raids on the tombs. The damaged and desecrated mummies of his 18th, 19th, and 20th Dynasty predecessors were reburied in a safe place by a post-21st Dynasty king. He secretly built a tomb and reburied the remains of his ancestors.

Discovery a cave-dwelling human and snake hybrid creature in Greek Mythology is Echidna – Mother of monsters

In Graeco-Roman tradition, Echidna is a hybrid creature, a gigantic half-woman, and half snake. As a tall, full of charm, and beautiful woman from the waist below, she was a hideous serpent.

In other words – Echidna - described by Hesiod as an 'impossible monster' - is a remarkable creature and a mother of a pantheon of spirits with fierce temperament, who, among many other monstrous spirits, represented dark forces. These forces were created in the earliest times of the violent wars conducted by the gods. Some of these creatures survived the conflicts and continued to haunt and seriously endanger humans.

Echidna was an offspring of the primal gods Gaia and Tartarus (or Chrysaor and Callirhoe), Echidna never aged, but she was not immortal. She was a proud mother of many terrifying children with her brother and husband Typhoon. She represented the corruption of the earth, decay, and disease.

One of them was Hydra, and others like Cerberus (Kérberos), the two-headed hound Orthos, who guarded Geryon's cattle and was killed by Heracles, the goat/lion/serpent Chimera, the Nemean Lion, the Sphinx, and the Eagle that ate Prometheus's liver.

Yet another extraordinary and frightening child of hers was the Griffin Vulture, a monstrous bird from Graeco-Roman mythology, and most probably Ladon, the many-headed watchful, dragon-like serpent that guarded the Golden Apples of the Hesperides, the sacred garden.

According to Pindar (Pindarus), c. 518 - 438 BC, an ancient Greek lyric poet from Thebes, Echidna gnawed into the light from her mother's womb. She lived in a cavern close to the land of Scythia, and usually, she emerged, showing only her human parts to attract human males. Once she had captured her victims, she would quickly embrace them in her serpentine coils and consume them.

According to Herodotus, Greeks living in Pontus, a region on the southern coast of the Black Sea, told a story of an encounter between Heracles, the son of Zeus and a divine hero in Greek mythology, and this snaky female creature. Heracles drove the cattle of Geryones through the area that would later become Scythia. One morning he awoke and discovered that his horses had vanished. While searching for them, he "found a creature of double form in a cave that was half maiden and half serpent."

She had the horses and promised to return them if Heracles would have sex with her. Heracles agreed, and she had three sons with him: Agathyrsus, Gelonus, and Scythes. She asked Heracles what she should do with his sons: "shall I keep them here (since I am the queen of this country), or shall I send them away to you?"

Heracles gave her a bow and belt and told her that when the boys were grown, whichever would draw the bow and wear the belt keep him and banish the others. The youngest son, Scythes, fulfilled the requirements and became the founder of the Scythians.

Death Of Echidna

Many versions of the myths are associated with Echidna, known as the "mother of all monsters." One says Hercules, Bellerophon, or Oedipus killed her. According to another, she was strangled in her sleep by Argos Panoptes, a giant with a hundred (or three-hundred eyes) who was Hera's servant. The killing of the serpent-legged monster Echidna as she slept in her cave was believed to be Argos'great achievement for the Olympian pantheon.

According to another story, Echidna was immortal. Zeus left her on earth after the victory over the Titans so that she and her descendants could later challenge heroes, according to Hesiod ('he, who emits the voice'), an ancient Greek poet that flourished c. 700 BC.

Most myths and legends about Echidna do not focus on her but her famous and horrible monster children.

As told in the Iliad, the hero Bellerophon was ordered by the king of Lycia to kill the Chimera. The truth is the king wanted rather than the Chimera to kill Bellerophon, but the hero, who the gods miraculously protected, succeeded in killing Echidna's monster-child, Chimera, who Bellerophon shot with an arrow.

Source: https://www.ancientpages.com/2022/01/13/ec...

World’s Oldest Water lіeѕ At The bottom Of A Canadian Mine And Is 2 Billion Years Old

In 2016, deep down within a Canadian mine researchers made an ancient discovery: the world's oldest pool of water. At a depth of roughly 3 kilometers (1.8 miles), the water dates to an impressive 2 billion years old.

The discovery pushed back the date for the oldest known water by at least 500 million years. The previous record was held by water found in the same mine by the same team back in 2013, and came from a depth of around 2.5 kilometers. The mine is in fact the deepest basal metal mine in the world, as the search for copper, zinc, and silver is taking the miners deeper and deeper into the Earth’s crust.

When the miners dug deeper, the researchers took the opportunity to explore further into the mine. They analyzed the water discovered by studying the gases trapped inside. Gases like helium and xenon can get trapped in water stuck in rock cracks, and measuring these can tell how old the water is.

“When people think about this water they assume it must be some tiny amount of water trapped within the rock,” Professor Barbara Sherwood Lollar, who presented the discovery, told BBC News. “But in fact, it’s very much bubbling right up out at you. These things are flowing at rates of liters per minute – the volume of the water is much larger than anyone anticipated.”

What is more, the vast age of the water is not the only important discovery. When the researchers analyzed the liquid, they found traces of life within it. While they are yet to find actual living bacteria, what they did discover was, in effect, the fingerprint of life. From this, they are able to infer that there has been some form of microbiology living within the water and over a very long time period.

The fact that something has been able to survive, and indeed flourish, in water that is so old and so deep within the Earth has some important implications. Not only can it tell us about life on Earth billions of years ago, but it may also help in the search for life off-world. While rivers no longer flow on the surface of Mars, there are still pockets of water and ice under the surface. These are nowhere near as deep as the water discovered in Canada, and it is possible that these pockets could provide the conditions necessary for microorganisms to live.

Source: https://www.iflscience.com/worlds-oldest-w...

Ancient Giant Trees Found Petrified in Thailand

Fossil trees that approached the heights of today’s tallest redwoods have been found in northern Thailand. The longest petrified log measures 72.2 meters (237 feet), which suggest the original tree towered to more than 100 meters (330 feet) in a wet tropical forest some 800,000 years ago.

The trees appear to have been closely related to a species alive today called Koompassia elegans, which belongs to the same family as beans, peas and black locust trees, explained lead author of the study, Marc Philippe of France’s University of Lyon. That is to say, the ancient trees are not closely related to today’s tallest trees, which are the Eucalyptus (gum trees) of Australia and Sequoia (redwoods) of California. Both of those living trees can reach about 130 meters (425 feet) in height.

Interestingly, there are no trees living today in Thailand that approach the size of the ancients.

“Highest trees nowadays in Thailand are almost 60 meters (200 feet),” wrote Philippe in response to my email query about his new paper coming out in the April issue of the journal Quaternary Science Reviews. ”To my knowledge the highest tree yet recorded in Thailand is a Krabak tree, belonging to the Dipterocarpaceae (‘tropical oaks’), 58 meters (190 feet) tall.”

The sediments in which the fossil trees were found suggest that they lived in a wet forest at the edge of a lowland plain. Today the fossil trees are at an elevation of 170 meters (550 feet) above sea level and the climate flips between wet and dry seasons — what’s called monsoonal. Philippe says it’s possible there has been some uplift of the region since the trees fell.

Just how these buried trees were found is an interesting story in itself. A small section of a large petrified log was found ten years ago by a villager in a reserve forest at Ban Tak District, Tak Province. The discovery was reported to officials of the National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department and so an official came out to examine the log and surveyed the surrounding area. The log was then excavated to a length of 21 meters (70 feet) without reaching the end. Ground penetrating radar was brought in and found that 30 meters (100 feet) of trunk were still unexposed. In 2005, funds were found to excavate the whole trunk. At present, seven of nine discovered petrified trunks have been excavated, mostly in 2005.

“The result was the appearance of what is considered the world’s longest piece of petrified wood, with a length of 72.22 meters” (236.9 feet), the researchers report. “In 2006, the name of the park was changed to the Petrified Forest Park because of the fascinating discoveries.”

As to why there were big trees in the past that are unrelated to today’s giant trees, it appears to be just another case of what’s called convergent evolution. That’s where similar environmental factors lead to traits that are similar in unrelated species. Think rheas (South America), ostriches (Africa) and emus (Australia). All are large, unrelated flightless birds that evolved on different continents. I’m not sure what drives trees to grow taller, but a dense forest and a competition for sunlight is part of it. It seems likely that over hundreds of millions of years that plants have been around there have been lots of very tall tree species, probably from every family of plant. It’s just an extremely very rare thing to get an entire petrified trunk to confirm it.

Source: https://www.livescience.com/28052-giant-tr...

Discovered ѕkeleton of animal “Glyptodon” nicknamed “Walking foгtгeѕѕ”

An extraordinary discovery has been made by a farmer in Argentina who was fortunate enough to stumble across the fossil remains of four enormous Glyptodon fossils in the Vallimanca stream channel while transporting cattle. A post from the Institute of Archaeological and Palaeontological Investigations of the Pampa Quaternary (Incuapa-Conicet) details how the specimens were revealed from the earth following a drought in the area that has sapped the stream, forcing the top of a shell into the open.

Farmer Juan de Dios Sota was taking his cows to graze when he spotted the unusual protrusion and didn’t recognize it to be the carcass of a horse or cow, which are common in the region. Upon spotting the shell, the farmer contacted the local authorities and a team of palaeontologists was sent out to recover the specimens and assess the four Glyptodons who it appears died together.

The unusual discovery will hopefully allow researchers to clarify if this species exhibited sexual dimorphism as the group is believed to be two adults and two juveniles of differing sexes. “These kind of cases, in which several individuals together who died in the same circumstances, are really exceptional and undoubtedly will give us a lot of information about these enigmatic animals and will allow us to test several hypotheses that we have been driving in recent years,” said palaeontologist on-site Ricardo Bonini, in a statement.

Regarding the sexual dimorphism, "It's not clear on how we are going to evaluate it in these fossils but the objective is to observe changes in the size of the bones because we have four glyptodonts together," Pablo Messineo, archaeologist, professor, and researcher at CONICET and INCUAPA, told IFLScience. "Maybe the bones of the pelvis and ventral shell can show some differences that we should study."

Glyptodons roamed in South America for more than 20 million years, and its thought they may have eventually gone extinct at the hands of early man, who may have used the shells of the dead animals as shelter during bad weather. These enormous, heavily armored relatives of armadillos are a part of the mammalian superorder Xenarthra. Like other Xenarthrans, they were herbivorous animals and as such their anatomy was adapted for protection.

They had immensely tough, tortoise-like shells that protected their body, and bony deposits on the skin called osteoderms to protect the parts that protruded from their armor. Despite being the size of modern cars, their arsenal of defense mechanisms implies they were preyed upon and their most likely assailant was a group known as the Terror Birds, a family of flightless carnivorous birds. Glyptodons were confirmed as relatives to modern-day armadillos, whose name in Spanish means “little armored one”, by DNA sequencing carried out in 2016.

Source: https://www.iflscience.com/ancient-armadil...

Found a 70-million-year-old fossil of the largest fish that has ever existed in human history

Argentinean palaeontologists in Patagonia have found the remains of a massive carnivorous fish with razor sharp teeth. The species was "amongst the largest predatory fish that existed in the history of Earth."

A 70-million-year-old fossil of a 6-meter-long fish that lived among dinosaurs has been discovered in Argentina, a team of paleontologists said on 2020.

In Argentina's southern Patagonia region, researchers "found the remains of a predator fish that was more than six meters long," a carnivorous animal with sharp teeth and a "scary appearance."

The Argentinian paleontologists published their findings in the scientific journal Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology.

The fossil belonged to the Xiphactinus genus, "amongst the largest predatory fish that existed in the history of Earth," according to the paleontologists.

They described the body of the fish as having been "notably slim" but that it ended in a massive head with large jaws and teeth "as sharp as needles, several centimeters long."

The giant fish "swam in the Patagonian seas at the end of the Cretaceous Period, when the temperature there was much more temperate than now," the study said.

'Preserved stomach contents'

The fossils of the giant fish were found nearby the Colhue Huapial lake, some 1,400 kilometers south of the capital Buenos Aires.

Julieta de Pasqua, one of the authors of the study, said examples of the Xiphactinus have also been discovered in other parts of the world, "some of which even have preserved stomach contents."

Previously, this species of fish had only been found in the northern hemisphere, with only one other example recently uncovered in Venezuela.

Patagonia is considered one of the greatest paleontological centers in the world. It is home to an important reservoir of dinosaur fossils, as well as fossils of other prehistoric sea and land species that are said to have ruled the area around 80 million years ago.

In February last year, paleontologists discovered fossils from a heretofore unknown species of dinosaur in Argentine Patagonia, estimated to have been about nine or 10 meters in length.

The "new" dinosaur belonged to the sauropod group and was notable for its large bony spikes covering its long neck and back. The dinosaur was labeled "Bajadasaurus pronuspinax," referring to the Bajada Colorada geological formation in Neuquen province, western Argentina, where the remains of the animal that lived approximately 140 million years ago were found.

Paleontologist Pablo Gallina described Bajadasaurus as a member of the dicraeosaurid family within the larger sauropod group.

Source: https://www.dw.com/en/scientists-discover-...

The Most Mysterious Archaeological Finds Really Exist!

The lives of our ancestors are still full of mysteries. While many archaeological discoveries have already helped us unravel some of the mysteries of history, other finds only raise more questions. It gets particularly tricky in cases where the recovered artifacts cannot initially be classified in a plausible context. The exciting objects that we are going to take a closer look at today also repeatedly become the focus of adventurous theories. We will now show you what makes the corresponding discoveries so special and what exciting background stories accompany them!

Archeologists Discovered In Egypt What No One Was Supposed To See

Ancient Egypt was a land shrouded in mystery. No other civilization has captivated the imaginations of both intellectuals and laypeople. Its origins, religion, and magnificent architecture: towering temples, pyramids, and the enormous Sphinx are all shrouded in mystery. The Egyptian pyramids are the most famous of all ancient monuments, and the only remaining wonder of the ancient world's seven wonders. The seeds of civilization were initially sown along the Nile's banks, just as life emerged from the waters. The great Nile, which flows north from the heart of Africa to the Mediterranean Sea, fueled the pharaonic kingdom's expansion. People, animals, and plants were drawn to the banks of the long, narrow flood plain. Nomadic hunters settled in the valley during pre-dynastic times and began to grow crops to supplement their food source. The annual flooding of the river, viewed as a gift from the gods, deposited nutrient-rich silt across the land, creating excellent conditions for growing wheat, flax, and other crops. However, a recent discovery near the Nile River's banks has experts baffled. What did they discover, and were the ancient Egyptians keeping secrets from the rest of the world? Join us as we investigate some of the most recent finds in Egypt that have scientists concerned.

20 Creepiest Jungle Discoveries Ever Made

The jungle is no doubt a place of mystery. And also a place of talking orang-utans and bears if you’ve ever seen the jungle book movie. But those are the friendly aspects of the jungle, there are plenty of other things going on in these dark and dense places that are a whole lot creepier. From the fungus than can control your mind to the tree that breathes like you and I, here’s the 20 Creepiest Jungle Discoveries Ever Made

Most Bizarre Skeletons Ever Discovered!

Check out the most bizarre skeletons ever discovered! This top 10 list of mysterious and unexplained skull discoveries has some of the weirdest and strangest skeletons ever found around the world!

Buried in the sand for a millennium: Africa's Roman ghost city

While the whole city often does not vanish, the Roman colony of Thamugadi was established in the North African province of Mumidia by Emperor Traian about 100 A.D., the city, also known as Timgad or Tamugas.

Home to Veterans of the Third Augustan Legion, Thamugadi flourished for hundreds of years, becoming prosperous and thus an attractive target for raiders. After a Vandal invasion in 430, repeated attacks weakened the city, which never fully recovered and was abandoned during the 700s.

The desert sands swept in and buried Thamugadi. One thousand years would pass before the city received a visit from a team of explorers led by a maverick Scotsman in the 1700s.

Originally founded by Emperor Trajan in 100 AD and built as a retirement colony for soldiers living nearby, within a few generations of its birth, the outpost had expanded to over 10,000 residents of both Roman, African, as well as Berber descent.

Most of them would likely never even have seen Rome before, but Timgad invested heavily in high culture and Roman identity, despite being thousands of kilometers from the Italian city itself.

The extension of Roman citizenship to non-Romans was a carefully planned strategy of the Empire – it knew it worked better by bringing people in than by keeping them out.

In return for their loyalty, local elites were given a stake in the great and powerful Empire, benefitted from its protection and legal system, not to mention, its modern urban amenities such as Roman bath houses, theatres and a fancy public library…

Timgad, also known as Thamugadi in old Berber, is home to a very rare example of a surviving public library from the Roman world.

Built-in the 2nd century, the library would have housed manuscripts relating to religion, military history, and good governance.

These would have been rolled up and stored in wooden scroll cases, placed in shelves separated by ornate columns. The shelves can still be seen standing in the midst of the town ruins, today a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a monument to culture.

The remains of as many as 14 baths have survived and a mosaic portraying Roman flip-flops was found at the entrance of a house in Timgad dating back to the 1st or 2nd century, with the inscription “BENE LAVA” which translates to ‘wash well’.

This mosaic, along with a collection of more than 200 others found in Timgad, is held inside a museum at the entrance of the site.

Other surviving landmarks include a 12 m high triumphal arch made of sandstone, a 3,500-seat theater is in good condition and a basilica where a large, hexagonal, 3-step immersion baptismal font richly decorated with mosaics was uncovered in the 1930s.

You can imagine the excitement of Scottish explorer James Bruce when he reached the city ruins in 1765, the first European to visit the site in centuries. Still largely buried then, he called it “a small town, but full of elegant buildings.” Clearing away the sand with his bare hands, Bruce and his fellow travellers uncovered several sculptures of Emperor Antoninus Pius, Hadrian’s successor.

Unable to take photographs in 1765, and without the means to take the sculptures with them, they reburied them in the sand and continued on Bruce’s original quest to find the source of the Blue Nile.

Upon his return to Great Britain, his claims of what he’d found were met with skepticism. Offended by the suspicion with which his story was received, James Bruce retired soon after and there would be no further investigation of the lost city for another hundred years.

Step forward Sir Robert Playfair, British consul-general in Algeria, who, inspired by James Bruce’s travel journal which detailed his findings in Timgad, went in search of the site. In his book, Travels in the Footsteps of Bruce in Algeria and Tunis, Playfair describes in detail what he found in the desolate and austere surroundings of the treeless desert plain.

“The whole of this district is of the deepest interest to the student of pre-historic archaeology … we left Timegad not without considerable regret that we could not afford to spend a longer time there. We would fain have made some excavations as there is no more promising a field for antiquarian research.”

Just a few years later, French colonists took control of the site in 1881, and began a large-scale excavation, which continued until Algeria gained independence from France in 1959.

“These hills are covered with countless numbers of the most interesting megalithic remains,” wrote Playfair in 1877.

Source: https://archaeology-world.com/buried-in-th...

The Mystery Of The Lost Golden City Of Egypt

A quarrelsome ancient Egyptian monarch left Thebes, his name, his religion, and his throne three thousand four hundred years ago. What followed is known to archaeologists: The short-lived city of Akhenaten was founded by the pharaoh Akhenaten, who ruled alongside his wife Nefertiti and practiced sun worship there. After his passing, his young son, Tutankhamun, ascended to the throne of Egypt and rejected his contentious father's legacy.

Nestled within the sands of ancient Egypt lies an enigma that has confounded historians and archaeologists for centuries: the lost Golden City of Akhenaten. As the heretical pharaoh who upended Egypt's traditional religious order, Akhenaten's reign was as controversial as it was transformative. But beyond his religious revolution, there whispers a tale of a majestic city, splendid in its architecture and grandeur, glittering with gold—Akhetaten, the Horizon of the Aten. This fabled city, dedicated to the sun god Aten, became the epicenter of Akhenaten's new monotheistic religion. Yet, as swiftly as it rose to prominence, it vanished, leaving behind only fragments of its former glory. Journey with us as we venture back in time, sifting through myths, hieroglyphs, and the sands of time to unravel the mystery of the lost Golden City of Akhenaten.

Akhenaten, originally named Amenhotep IV, was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh who reigned during the 18th Dynasty of the New Kingdom period, approximately around 1353–1336 BCE. His reign is one of the most debated and analyzed in Egyptian history, primarily because of the radical religious transformation he instigated. Here are some key aspects of his reign:

1. Religious Revolution:

- Akhenaten is best known for introducing a form of monotheism to ancient Egypt. While the Egyptian pantheon consisted of numerous gods and goddesses, Akhenaten elevated the worship of the sun disk, Aten, above all others. This worship eventually evolved to a point where only Aten was recognized as the supreme deity.

- This shift led to Akhenaten's infamous decision to suppress the traditional cult of Amun and other gods. The temples of these gods were closed, and their clergy lost their influence.

2. Akhetaten (Modern-day Amarna):

- Akhenaten founded a new city called Akhetaten, which means "Horizon of the Aten," situated midway between Memphis and Thebes. Today, it's known as Amarna.

- This city became the new religious and political capital during his reign, moving away from the traditional power centers, especially Thebes.

3. Artistic Innovations:

- The Amarna period, named after the city, is renowned for its distinctive art style. This style was more realistic and relaxed than the formal, traditional Egyptian art. It often depicted the royal family with elongated skulls, slanted eyes, and protruding bellies.

- This unique portrayal has led to numerous speculations, ranging from stylistic choices to potential medical conditions.

4. Family:

- Akhenaten was married to Nefertiti, one of the most famous queens of Egypt. Together, they had several daughters.

- Some scholars believe that Akhenaten might also have been the father of Tutankhamun, the boy-king, though this relationship is debated.

5. End of His Reign and Legacy:

- Akhenaten's reign lasted around 17 years. After his death, there was a concerted effort to restore the traditional polytheistic religion. This move was led by his successors, notably King Tutankhamun.

- Many of Akhenaten's reforms were reversed posthumously. His city, Akhetaten, was abandoned, and many of its monuments were dismantled. The traditional religious order was restored, and the cult of Amun regained its preeminent status.

- Akhenaten became somewhat of a 'heretical' figure in later Egyptian history, with many records of him and his immediate successors (except Tutankhamun) being omitted or defaced.

Akhenaten's reign stands out as a profound period of change in ancient Egypt's long history. While his monotheistic revolution was short-lived, it provided a tantalizing glimpse into the complexities of ancient Egyptian society, religion, and politics.

The Genes Of This Tribe In New Guinea Carry DNA Of A Third Unknown Human Species

The genes of this tribe in New Guinea carry DNA of a third unknown human species. Today, we take a look at the genes of this tribe that's carrying the DNA of a third unknown human species.

Archaeology is a fascinating subject area, looking at how we have come to create the world that we know today. Looking at the past can often lead us to revaluate our understanding of a potential future and archaeology is one tool that lets us do precisely that. There is so much history that outdates our time on this earth and that tells the stories of many different civilisations that have walked their ways through this time.