A seemingly ordinary search for wood on Rēkohu (Chatham Islands) has led to one of the most remarkable archaeological discoveries in New Zealand's history. Vincent and Nikau Dix, a father-and-son duo, stumbled upon an ancient ocean-voyaging waka, a find that has since captivated archaeologists and the local community.
What is a Waka?
A waka is a traditional Polynesian canoe, crafted from wood and built for ocean exploration. These vessels played a crucial role in Polynesian culture, serving as a means of transportation, fishing, and cultural exchange. They symbolize the deep connection between Polynesian societies and the sea, reflecting their navigational prowess and adventurous spirit.
A Discovery That Began as a Simple Find
The discovery was first broadcast on Te Ao With Moana, where reporter Hikurangi Kimiora Jackson interviewed the Dixes at the excavation site. Initially, the pair assumed they had found an unremarkable piece of timber. However, as they uncovered more of the object, they realized they had stumbled upon something far more significant.
“The timber looked unusual—so well-crafted and well-preserved that it appeared almost new,” Nikau Dix recalled. “As we assembled the pieces, we saw the shape of a boat emerging.”
After a heavy rainstorm, they returned to the site and discovered the headpiece of the waka, confirming that this was indeed an ancient artifact. Word of their discovery quickly spread, creating excitement among the island’s 650 residents and beyond.
Unraveling the Waka's Origins
Since the initial find, nearly 400 fragments of the waka have been excavated, with larger sections likely still buried along the coast. The discovery includes intricate carvings, engraved obsidian, and braided rope, suggesting the canoe is of considerable age. Preliminary analysis has identified wood fragments from native Aotearoa trees, including pukatea, tōtara, and rimu.
Archaeologist Justin Maxwell, who is leading the project, described the find as unprecedented. “No one has ever encountered a waka like this before. This is one of the most important discoveries in New Zealand archaeology, and we are just beginning to uncover its story,” he said.
Preserving a Cultural Treasure
As the excavation progresses, conservationists are meticulously cataloging and preserving each piece of this invaluable taonga. The fragile artifacts are carefully washed and treated to ensure their longevity.
While scientific research continues, local iwi and Moriori perspectives offer additional insights. Cultural monitor Tom Lanauze, who has Ngāti Mutunga and Moriori heritage, believes the waka could be linked to historic Moriori vessels. “I believe this is a Moriori waka, but as we say, let the waka tell its story,” he noted, referencing ancient accounts of a canoe named Rangihoua.
Maui Solomon, an Indigenous rights advocate and chairman of the Moriori Imi Settlement Trust, also underscores the cultural significance of the discovery. As the excavation unfolds, the community remains deeply involved, eager to learn more about the waka's history and origins.
A Discovery That Redefines History
The unearthing of this ocean waka marks a major milestone in New Zealand archaeology, providing invaluable insights into Polynesian seafaring traditions. This find not only enriches our understanding of ancient navigation but also strengthens connections to the ancestral stories of the iwi and Moriori. As research continues, this extraordinary waka is expected to reveal long-lost narratives, solidifying its place as a cultural and historical treasure.
