In a groundbreaking discovery, archaeologists conducting excavations in the Örenşehir District of İncesu, Kayseri province, have unearthed the largest ancient floor mosaic in the Cappadocia and Central Anatolia Region. The sprawling villa, estimated to have been constructed in the 4th century, has revealed an impressive 600 square meters of intricately designed floor mosaics. This significant find sheds light on the region's rich history, showcasing the craftsmanship of a bygone era.
The ongoing excavations, led by Dr. Can Erpek from Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University's Department of Art History, have been underway for three years. The initial assessment of the mosaic area, which started at 300 square meters, has now doubled in size. Kayseri Provincial Director of Culture and Tourism, Şükrü Dursun, notes that the structure is expanding annually, emphasizing its historical importance.
Dating Back Centuries
Based on archaeological findings, the researchers suggest that the villa dates back to the 4th century, with traces extending into the 3rd century and beyond. The quality craftsmanship displayed in the floor mosaics indicates that the villa served as a prominent residence during its era. Greek and Latin inscriptions, found in the reception hall, further contribute to the historical narrative, providing glimpses into the past.
The Byzantine and Turkish Periods
Director Can Erpek highlights that the villa continued to be utilized during the Byzantine period and after the arrival of the Turks in Anatolia. The expansive structure boasts approximately 33 rooms, showcasing a high level of architectural sophistication. Notably, the floor mosaics, characterized by intricate geometric patterns, affirm the villa's significance.
The Name 'Hyacinthos'
Among the inscriptions discovered, the name 'Hyacinthos' stands out, leading researchers to believe it may belong to an administrator of imperial property. While further research is needed to confirm this hypothesis, the potential association with an important figure adds to the villa's historical allure.
Kayseri as a Cradle of Civilization
Metropolitan Mayor Memduh Büyükkılıç asserts that Kayseri, resembling an open-air museum, has once again proven its status as the cradle of civilization in Anatolia. The support for six archaeological excavations across the city underscores the region's commitment to uncovering and preserving its rich cultural heritage.
The discovery of the largest ancient floor mosaic in Cappadocia and Central Anatolia Region adds a new chapter to the historical narrative of Kayseri. As excavations continue to reveal the secrets buried beneath Örenşehir, the villa's grandeur invites us to envision the opulence of life in the 4th century and appreciate the meticulous craftsmanship of a bygone era.
