What happened with the Muslim Majority of Spain?

The history of Spain has been vast and elaborate for centuries. It seems that the sizeable Iberian nation managed to keep itself relevant rather consistently over hundreds of years, and it's often remembered as a powerful, European, Christian nation. But before the colonial era or the Spanish Inquisition, came the Reconquista - something that was only necessary due to the conquest of Spain by Muslim Arabs and Berbers. Before the Reconquista was the period launched by such invaders - the time of Islamic Spain. But where did the Muslims go? How did Spain become synonymous with Christianity instead?